Brookline History

Amory-Richards House // 1865

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Built in 1865 along with its neighbor and later renovated in the Colonial Revival style, the Amory-Buckingham House on Colchester Street stands as an altered, yet historically significant residence in Brookline’s important Longwood neighborhood. A large lot on Colchester Street was purchased by Dr. Robert Amory (1842-1910), who in 1864, married Marianne Appleton Lawrence (1843–1882), daughter of Amos Adams Lawrence, a major developer of the nearby Cottage Farm neighborhood of Brookline. This stone cottage, one of two neighboring homes built at the same time for Dr. Amory was likely his main residence when not residing at his Boston townhouse or summer residence in Bar Harbor, Maine. The property was sold by the end of the 19th century to Edwin Buckingham and in 1902 to George L. Richards, who had the home expanded with an additional floor added with gambrel roof. A detached stable was also constructed around this time.

Amory-Boit House // 1865

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Built in 1865, the Amory-Boit House on Colchester Street in Brookline‘s exclusive Longwood neighborhood, is a stunning Second Empire style home with connections to prominent local families. The residence has a one-story stone base which meets the slate mansard roof providing two-and-a-half stories above which are crowned by iron cresting at the peak of the roof. The property was one of the early homes built in the area, developed by David Sears, one of the wealthiest property owners in Boston, who recognized the potential for development of this marshy area of Brookline due to its close proximity to the city. A large lot on Colchester Street was purchased by Dr. Robert Amory (1842-1910), who in 1864, married Marianne Appleton Lawrence (1843–1882), daughter of Amos Adams Lawrence, a major developer of the nearby Cottage Farm neighborhood of Brookline. This stone cottage, one of two neighboring homes built at the same time for Dr. Amory, was likely rented to friends and family with the other as his primary country house. This home was later sold to real estate and insurance businessman and author Robert Apthorp Boit (1846-1919). Robert Boit published the novel, Eustis in 1884 and his family history, Chronicles of the Boit Family and Their Descendants, in 1915. The home and its neighbor had been undergoing renovations for a while and are located within a local historic district.

Silas Peavy House // 1905

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Silas Peavy (1858-1939) was born in Waterville, Maine, and with his brothers, Gustavus and Leopold, worked at his father’s clothing and merchandise store. The family moved to the Boston area and established J. Peavy and Brothers, continuing the family business in Boston with locations in New York. In 1904, Silas Peavy purchased a house lot on Kent Street and hired the architectural firm of Hartwell & Richardson to design a house there for his family. Peavy likely moved to this neighborhood as it became a Jewish enclave around the turn of the 20th century. The Silas Peavy House is an excellent example of the Neo-Classical style with symmetrical facade, porte cochere on the side, and monumental elliptical portico supported by two-story Ionic columns.

Lawrence School // 1929

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The Lawrence School in Brookline, Massachusetts, is a stunning example of a public school building built in the interwar period in the Colonial Revival architectural style. Constructed in 1929, the building replaced an earlier, Stick/Queen Anne style school designed by the firm of Peabody & Stearns. The school is named after Amos A. Lawrence (1814-1886) a prominent local landowner in Brookline. When the earlier school building was outgrown and deemed obsolete, planning began for a new, modern school building for the community. The new Lawrence School was designed by R. Clipston Sturgis a notable local architect who specialized in the Colonial Revival style, and opened in September 1930. The handsome brick building is in the form of a long rectangular block with two perpendicular wings at each end. At the center of the main block is the principal entrance with its columned portico on a projecting pavilion all in cast stone, a cheaper alternative that resembles limestone.

Mary E. Paul Triple Decker // 1898

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The Triple Decker is a popular housing form that between 1880 and 1930, saw an estimated 15,000 examples built in Boston and surrounding cities. The unique construction of three flats stacked on top of eachother provided density and lowered housing costs for three families and supplying the housing needs of huge numbers of new immigrants and working class families, providing an important path to homeownership. Often, a family could purchase a property, building a triple decker and could live in one unit while renting the others to pay for the mortgage and taxes, providing upward mobility for those who so long were priced out of owning their own home. By the late 19th century however, strong and organized pushback against the housing type occurred, led by groups like the Immigration Restriction League, who were “convinced that Anglo-Saxon traditions, peoples, and culture were being drowned in a flood of racially inferior foreigners from Southern and Eastern Europe,” sound familiar? Led by Prescott Farnsworth Hall, a Brookline resident, the group advocated to limit immigration from areas they deemed “lesser” and locally, fought to ban the construction of triple deckers in Massachusetts, ultimately succeeding in part when in 1912, Massachusetts passed a law allowing cities and towns to ban triple deckers by preventing construction of any ‘wooden tenement’ in which ‘cooking shall be done above the second floor. While major catastrophic fires like the Great Chelsea Fire of 1908 were fresh in people’s minds, a leading cause for the legislation was likely to limit upward mobility of groups of people from owning real estate. The Mary E. Paul Triple Decker, pictured here, was built in 1898 in the Shingle style, contributing to the rich architectural and social character of the surrounding neighborhood.

James H. F. Standish House // 1874

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In 1873, James H. F. Standish (1811-1887) purchased a house lot on the corner of Francis and Toxteth streets in Brookline and set out building his forever home for his wife, Sarah. James and Sarah originally lived in Bath, Maine, where he worked as a builder and mason, constructing many large homes there before relocating to Brookline where he likely remained busy as Boston and its surrounding communities experienced a period of rapid development and suburbanization. James surely built this house and rear stable himself in the interpretation of the Stick and Italianate styles for his family, who moved in by 1874. Sadly, Sarah died unexpectedly in 1876 of heart disease, and James would sell their Brookline home. The Standish Home has been preserved by subsequent owners, including the central cupola, bracketed and dentilled cornice, stickwork and iron cresting. The Standish House was individually listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1985 as a well-preserved, evocative example of Victorian period styles in a residence.

Gibson-Dukakis Double-House // 1881

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Built in 1881 as an eclectic example of a Second Empire and Queen Anne style Victorian double-house, this charming residence on quiet Perry Street in Brookline, Massachusetts, shows that gentle density like double-houses and three-deckers provides needed housing without disrupting neighborhood character. The property was built for George Gibson and subsequently rented to two families as an investment. In the mid-20th century, half of the double-house was purchased by Michael Dukakis and his wife, Katharine “Kitty” (Dickson) Dukakis. Michael Dukakis would become a prominent politician, first being elected as a Member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1963 later serving two terms as Massachusetts Governor. He was later nominated by the Democratic Party for president in the 1988 election, but ultimately lost to the Republican nominee, George H. W. Bush.

Sewall Apartments // 1938

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This garden apartment complex at 98-116 Sewall Avenue in Brookline is an excellent example of the Art Deco style which reached its height in popularity in the midst of the Great Depression, so fewer examples of the style are typically found. Here in Brookline, the city was seeing rapid development in the early decades of the 20th century, where large estates were subdivided and commercial areas expanded into once residential neighborhoods. U-shaped in plan and standing three-stories, this complex replaced a large property owned by the Stearns Family, a prominent local family with many properties around present-day Coolidge Corner. The apartments were developed by the G & S Investment Company, a real estate development firm, who hired architect, Saul Moffie, to design the building. Completed in 1938, the complex has richly articulated facades with a variety of geometric brick patterns, including chevrons, diapering, header courses and soldier courses with each entryway identified by a projecting pavilion with a stepped stone parapet above. The doors and sidelights are wood with glass panels in a chevron motif similar to the brickwork and all residential units have steel multi-pane windows. What a gem!

Charles H. Rutan House // 1889

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In 1889, prestigious architect Charles H. Rutan, purchased a house lot from the heirs of Elijah Emerson on the family estate and oversaw construction of his own residence in Brookline Village. Charles Hercules Rutan (1851-1914) was born in New Jersey and moved to Brookline in 1874, where he worked in the office of famed American architect, Henry Hobson Richardson. After Richardson’s death in April 1886, at the height of his career, Rutan and two other senior employees, George Foster Shepley and Charles Allerton Coolidge, took charge of the studio and its uncompleted work. Soon after, the three formed a formal partnership, Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge, to succeed to Richardson’s practice, and in 1887 moved the office to Boston. From his new position as head of a prominent firm, Rutan designed this handsome Queen Anne/Shingle style mansion for his family, where he lived until he suffered from two debilitating strokes in 1912, when he and his wife moved to an apartment on a nearby street. Besides the blue color, the house retains so much of its original architectural integrity and is one of the most significant residences in the Brookline Village neighborhood.

Elijah Emerson House // 1846

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Elijah Carleton Emerson (1807-1888) was a wealthy Boston merchant, making his fortune as Director of the Second National Bank and President of the Middlesex Horse Railroad. In his late 30s, he purchased land in Brookline Village and established his estate on the land that is now Emerson Park in 1846. The bucolic setting of his estate included a pond, boathouse and adjacent cottage, but as the surrounding area continued to develop with easy access to Downtown Boston, Elijah Emerson began to develop his estate. Emerson began to build residences on his land for supplemental income. After his death in 1888, Emerson’s two daughters, Sarah Davis and Tirzah Snell Arnold, maintained the property but sold it to the Town of Brookline in 1907. Brookline officials originally sought to build a new library on the site, but ultimately built it on Washington Street in 1910. The Emerson house and carriage barn were moved across Davis Street from their original site and Emerson Park was established. Emerson’s granddaughter, Mrs.Katharine Snell and her husband, inventor, Cullen B. Snell moved into the relocated house. The Elijah Emerson House (and carriage house at the rear) is a great, well-preserved example of a suburban Boston residence designed in the Gothic Revival style.